A Multi-interface Multi-channel Algorithm to Count Nodes Using Wireless Technology
Manuel Contreras,
Eric Gamess
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, February 2017
Pages:
1-19
Received:
28 September 2016
Accepted:
10 October 2016
Published:
23 February 2017
Abstract: In wireless networks, devices can be equipped with multiple interfaces to utilize multiple channels and increase the aggregated network throughput. In fact, as the current price of network interface cards has fallen dramatically, applications have started to use multiple non-overlapping channels to get an enhanced bandwidth, with traditional standards such as IEEE 802.11 a/b/g. In this regard, a wireless network node equipped with more than one interface can concurrently communicate with other nodes on different channels. This operation results in less interference and collisions in the network, and therefore a better use of the network capabilities in terms of bandwidth. In this paper we propose an algorithm that uses multiple channels to improve performance in the counting of objects (people, animals, devices, vehicles, etc) based on wireless communications where devices are equipped with multiple interfaces, which works either for stationary nodes or in scenarios where nodes are moving even at high speeds. In particular, the technique of interface switching is used to take advantage of all the channels, even when the number of available interfaces is smaller than the number of channels. To validate and evaluate the performance and accuracy of the proposal, the algorithm is simulated using a famous network simulation tool called OMNeT++/INET. The results of the simulations show that the proposed algorithm efficiently exploits the advantages of multi-channel, by computing a number of nodes very close to the real one (even in the case of scenarios with nodes moving at high speeds) with an acceptable response time and total number of control messages sent by the nodes to accomplish the counting task.
Abstract: In wireless networks, devices can be equipped with multiple interfaces to utilize multiple channels and increase the aggregated network throughput. In fact, as the current price of network interface cards has fallen dramatically, applications have started to use multiple non-overlapping channels to get an enhanced bandwidth, with traditional standa...
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Stochastic Geometry Based Framework for Coverage and Rate in Heterogeneous Networks with Sectored Fractional Frequency Reuse
Sani Umar Abdullahi,
Jian Liu,
Seyed Alireza Mohadeskasaei
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, February 2017
Pages:
20-34
Received:
9 March 2017
Accepted:
18 March 2017
Published:
3 April 2017
Abstract: Modern day cellular networks are driven by the need to provide ubiquitous connectivity with very high spectral efficiency to both indoor and outdoor users, hence the need to deploy small cells over conventional macrocells in a Heterogeneous Network (Hetnet) deployment. To alleviate the resulting inter-cell and cross-tier interference, effective inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) schemes such as Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) are employed, and have been widely studied in perfect geometry network scenarios which are too idealistic and not easily adaptable to the complexity of Hetnets. This work provides an analytical framework for the performance of such FFR schemes in Hetnets with antenna sectorization employed at the macro tier, by leveraging stochastic geometry tools to model base station locations of both macro and femto tiers using the Poisson Point Process (PPP). We study the effects of varying system parameters and consider cross-tier femto interference commonly ignored in many analytical works in literature. Furthermore, the femtocells employ a sensing algorithm to minimize spectrum sharing with macro users in close proximity, especially at the transition areas of center and edge region where cross-tier interference could be monumental. Numerical simulations are used to evaluate performance of the proposed framework in terms of coverage probability and average user rate, and results are compared with traditional FFR schemes and the No-FFR deployment. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first analytical framework characterizing sectored-FFR schemes using stochastic geometry tools in Hetnets.
Abstract: Modern day cellular networks are driven by the need to provide ubiquitous connectivity with very high spectral efficiency to both indoor and outdoor users, hence the need to deploy small cells over conventional macrocells in a Heterogeneous Network (Hetnet) deployment. To alleviate the resulting inter-cell and cross-tier interference, effective int...
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