Optimization of Core Network Router for Telecommunication Exchange
Diponkar Paul,
Subrata Kumar Sarkar,
Rajib Mondal
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, February 2013
Pages:
1-8
Published:
20 February 2013
Abstract: The operation of Core Router is to restrict Network Broadcast to the LAN, to act as default gateway, to move data between different networks and to advertise loop free Path. The technology of Wifi, WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), GPRS (General Packet Radio Services), EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates For GSM Evolution), EV-DO (Evolution Data Optimized) which are used for remote data access. A Router must be able to support multiple telecommunications interfaces of the highest speed in use in the core Internet and must be able to forward IP packets at full speed on all of them. It must also support the routing protocols being used in the core. In telephone system, Core Routers installed on the network are used as carriers to carry data from traffic sources to sinks. The optimization formulation based on Telecommunication network to obtain an optimal decision for the Core Router on whether to accept packets from a traffic source. This decision is made to maximize the reward of data delivery while the quality-of-service performance is guaranteed. From the performance evaluation, a Core Router with network optimization can achieve the highest reward while the maximum packet-blocking probability requirements met. The Core Router is a cell-site access platform specifically designed to optimize, aggregate and transport mixed-generation Radio Access Network (RAN) traffic. It is used at a cell site as part of an IP-RAN or Cell Site DCN solution. An IP RAN solution in which the Core Router extends IP connectivity to the cell site and Base Transceiver Station (BTS), through a Fast Ethernet interface to the BTS, the router provides bandwidth-efficient IP transport of voice and data bearer traffic, as well as maintenance, control and signaling traffic over the IP using traditional circuits.
Abstract: The operation of Core Router is to restrict Network Broadcast to the LAN, to act as default gateway, to move data between different networks and to advertise loop free Path. The technology of Wifi, WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), GPRS (General Packet Radio Services), EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates For GSM Evolution), EV-DO (Evol...
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A Journal of Real Peak Recognition of Electrocardiogram (ECG) Signals Using Neural Network
Tarmizi Amani Izzah,
Syed Sahal Nazli Alhady,
Umi Kalthum Ngah,
Wan Pauzi Ibrahim
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, February 2013
Pages:
9-16
Published:
20 February 2013
Abstract: This paper describes about the analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals using neural network approach. Heart structure is a unique system that can generate ECG signals independently via heart contraction. Basically, an ECG signal consists of PQRST wave. All these waves are represented respective heart functions. Normal healthy heart can be simply recognized by normal ECG signal while heart disorder or arrhythmias signals contain differences in terms of features and morphological attributes in their corresponding ECG waveform. Some major important features will be extracted from ECG signals such as amplitude, duration, pre-gradient, post-gradient and so on. These features will then be fed as an input to neural network system. The target output represented real peaks of the signals is also being defined using a binary number. Result obtained showing that neural network pattern recognition is able to classify and recognize the real peaks accordingly with overall accuracy of 81.6% although there might be limitations and misclassification happened. Future recommendations have been highlighted to improve network’s performance in order to get better and more accurate result.
Abstract: This paper describes about the analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals using neural network approach. Heart structure is a unique system that can generate ECG signals independently via heart contraction. Basically, an ECG signal consists of PQRST wave. All these waves are represented respective heart functions. Normal healthy heart can be simpl...
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